Atomizer



June 30, 1936.

M, G. ANDERSEN ATOMIZER Filed Aug. l5, 1954 Patented June 1936v UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Copenhagen, Denmar Application August 13, 1934, Serial No. 739,668 In Denmark January 13, 1934 1 Claim.

For atomization of a liquid, for instance fuel oil in air, several devices are known which are based upon the ejector principle, that is to say -a current of compressed air is directed past an 5 outlet orifice in a liquid-supply pipe, and creates thereby a vacuum having for its consequence tion produced by the latter, but by an air pressure resting on the liquid. Nor has it been possible,'by means of such known devices, to attain l5 a uniformatomization of the liquid, i. e. a reduction to a practically uniform size of particles. By the said known devices it will be necessary to use regulating devices, but even if the latter be adjusted very carefully, a uniform atomization will 2Q not be attained. On the contrary, -the minute drops of liquid suspended in the flow of compressed air will be of many different sizes.

The present device is an atomizing device of the last mentioned kind, but differs from the known devices by the special manner in which the ows of liquid and air are brought together, and which gives a really uniform atomization, so that the minute drops suspended in the air current will all be of practically one and the same size. The compressed air is in fact introduced into the liquid-discharging pipe by way of a pipe leading sideways into the first mentioned pipe, closely ybehind the orice of the pipe discharging liquid into the surrounding air, and the lengths and widths of the pipes are selected in such a manner that the compressed air in the liquid-tank will drive a continuous and suitably strong ow of liquid past the point of entrance of the compressed-air pipe into the liquid-discharging pipe, the eiect being that the air in the compressed-air pipe will cut off, in regular succession, equal minute portions of the flow of liquid ascending in the liquid-discharging pipe, and will ning the same into the surrounding air. either directly or by Way of an atomizer device for further comminution of the said portions of liquid cut off.

'Ihe invention is illustrated on the drawing,

on which Fig. 41 shows 'a diagrammatic and schematic view of an atomizer embodying the present invention, and

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of an atomizer constructed in accordance with a preferred form of the present invention.

Fig. 1 serves mainly to illustrate the working principle underlying the invention. The liquid is contained in a closed liquid-tank I, into which compressed air is introduced by way of a nipple 2, or in which a suitable air pressure is produced 5 by means of a suitable device disposed in the tank itself, for instance a p iston pump discharging air into the tank and being adapted to be operated from the outside. The momentary liquid level is marked 3. From a point near the botl0 tom of the tank, a riser 4 for the liquid extends upward, which pipe is narrowed on the top part so as to form a narrow pipe 5. v

From the upper air-filled part of the tank I extends a discharge pipe 6 for compressed air l5 terminating in a narrow pipe 1, which enters from the side into the narrow riser 5 for the liquid. The latter is continued, outside of the point of entrance of the compressed-air pipe l, by a pipe 8 opening freely into the surrounding 20 air.

supposing this pipe 8 to be closed,'and a suitable excess pressure to be created in the'vessel I, j such an excess pressure lwill of course not produce any rise of the liquid in the pipe 4, but the4 25 level of the liquid in this pipe will be the same as outside of the pipe, becauseno motion is taking place, and the static air pressure will therefore be the same all over the tank I and the pipes 4, 5,

6, I and 8. If on the contrary the pipe 8 be opened 30 towards the surroundings, the conditions will at once be altered. Compressed air will then flow out through the narrow pipe .8, and thereby a certain part of the excess pressure of the air will be consumed, and at the point 9, where the com- 35 pressed-air pipe l is joined to the liquid-pipe 5, there will therefore be an excess pressure, which is so much lower than the excess pressure in the tank I as Athe amount of pressure consumed by the discharge through the pipe 8. The differen- 40 tial pressure between the air space in the tank and the entrance 9 will cause the liquid to ascend through the pipes 4 and 5, and by a proper selection of' the pipe .dimensions and the pressure a practically continuous ow`of liquid will then 45 liquid below, and the separate liquid column will then be flung up through the pipe l and into the outer air. As lthis play will continue pulsatively--always under exactly the same conditions. provided that the pressure in the tank I be not altered appreciably--liquid drops of practically equal flneness will constantly and in quick succession be flung out from the inlet 0.

By passing through the pipe l, or\several such pipes or other openings, the minutedrops :flung out may be further comminuted, always under uniform conditions and, therefore, in a pi'acti` cally perfectly uniform manner. l

Evidently, the conditions under which the liquid is thus split into minute drops will depend on the lengths and widths ofV pipes selected and on the nature of the material and of the pressure used, as the ascent of the liquid through the riser 4 at 'a suitable speed will require the fulfilment of certain conditions inthe said respects, as mentioned above. It is further evident that when all dimensions are selected in a certain manner producing the desired effect on vthe discharge of a liquid of a certain kind, then the yconditions will alwaysremain perfectly uniform, so that no adjusting devices of any kind will be required. Dimensions and material for a given kind of liquid must therefore be selected empiri cally in such a manner that the desired efl'ect is attained.

Fig. 2 shows how the general principle mentioned above can be carried out inpractice. The atomizing device consists here of a cylindrical metal plug 9 with an outside thread In, by means of which the device can be screwed into a nipple |01 formed on the mouth of the tank I1. In a diametral plane, two longitudinal bores V'orchannels 22 and 23 are bored in the said plug.

In the same plane, a transverse channel 221 is further drilled from the side. i. e. through the the side.

thread of the plug, which channel intersects the channel bores 22, 22.

As shown there is inserted in the top of bore 2l a tightly fitting metal cylinder 2l with a 1ongitudinal fine channel Il and a transverse ilne 5 channel Il, which latter connects the bore 22 and the channel Ilrinto whichit enters from 'I'his cylinder 2l completely blocks the passagek 221 so that no air can escape therefrom excepty through the passage I4. In the bottom 1o end of the bore 22 a pipe 25 is inserted. When the said pipe is connected to the fuel in the fuel tank, and the bore 22 is in connection with the source of compressed air. the apparatus will give exactly the same eii'ect as described. l5

Having now particularly described and ascertained thenature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claimgisz- An atomizer including, in combination. a tank 20 adapted to contain liquid to be atomized and air under pressure, a plug at the upper end of said tank having a bore extending throughout its length and providing communication from the inside to the outside of the tank, a tube in- 25 serted in the lower end of said bore extending below the surface of the liquid in the tank. a second bore open at its lower end to the air in the tank andlclosed at its top. a transverse bore opening at the side of said plug, crossing said rst bore and intersecting and stopping the said second bore, and a second tube in said rst bore closing oil the transverse bore and having a small axial passage open at its upper end to at'- mosphere and at its lower end to said rst bore, and also having alateralport affording communication between said passage and transverse bore on the second bore side of the second tube.

MAR'ITN GEORG ANDERSEN. 4o 

